St. Petersburg Archeological Institute

N. V. Kalachov served as the institute’s first director from its opening in 1877 until his death in 1885. From the beginning it was mired in conflict about its mission: was it to train primarily archivists or archeologists? It edcuated both, especially because archeology was not taught in universities until A. A. Spitsyn began his lectures in St. Petersburg in 1909.